The effects of kidney failure on the brain are a complex matter. Although many patients with CKD have a cognitive impairment, they can take their medications without assistance. Furthermore, they still understand the information their doctors give them. These findings were made in a new study led by Merrill Elias, Michael Robbins, Gregory Dore, and Stephen L. Seliger. Despite the complicated nature of the study, it shows that cognitive impairment is a severe side effect of CKD.
CKD causes cognitive impairment
Cognitive impairment is a common complication of chronic kidney disease. While the prevalence of cognitive impairment in CKD patients is significantly higher than in healthy controls, certain factors are associated with increased risk for cognitive impairment. These risk factors include the presence of proteinuria and eGFR. The presence of cognitive impairment in CKD patients should prompt regular evaluation by a physician. Cognitive dysfunction is associated with impaired function in several domains of daily living, including memory, executive functioning, and decision making.
The study found that mild to moderate CKD did not significantly affect cognitive function, except for a trend toward faster decline in a higher-risk group. It did not see a clear difference between CKD patients and those without any history of vascular disease. Moreover, the cognitive function of patients with CKD stage 3b and stage 4 was significantly worse than that of controls. In addition, a higher prevalence of cognitive dysfunction and depression was found among patients with CKD stage 4 than in the control group.
It Affects Other Organs
One of the most common causes of kidney failure is a severe allergic reaction to a medication. About 10% of kidney failure cases result from a severe allergic reaction to a drug. In advanced stages, kidney failure can cause no symptoms and even be life-threatening. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should consult your physician. There are several ways to diagnose this disease, including blood tests, urine tests, and ultrasounds. Your doctor will also order a kidney biopsy, which involves removing a small piece of the affected organ.
Your kidneys filter the blood, removing waste and excess fluids. The scraps are passed out in urine, which flows to the bladder to be excreted. In severe kidney failure, your health care team will determine a treatment plan for you. This plan will include steps to improve your quality of life and maintain your activity level. You’re eating habits can play a vital role in your condition, so you will need to adjust your diet accordingly. A balanced diet will help you maintain the proper fluid levels and prevent dehydration. Here is also raised a question occurs from adults that Masturbation Effects on Kidney?
It Affects the Hippocampus
The cognitive consequences of AKI are numerous and varied, but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. There are several theories about how kidney failure affects the brain, including the effects on the hippocampus. Impaired hippocampus function can lead to cognitive problems, including memory loss, regardless of the underlying mechanisms. As the hippocampus is a critical learning and memory center, it is essential to understand the relationship between renal failure and brain dysfunction.
One hypothesis suggests that cognitive impairment following acute kidney damage may result from structural and functional changes in the hippocampus. Albuminuria, an index of endothelial pathology, is associated with reduced cognitive function. Patients with impaired glomerular filtration rates also exhibit cognitive impairment. However, few studies examine the relationship between acute renal damage and cognitive functions. A prospective survey of Tahamtan et al. indicates that brain function and AKI may interact to impact cognitive function.
It affects blood vessels.
New research suggests that impaired kidney function may decrease the blood flow to the brain, increasing the risk for dementia, stroke, and other conditions. These findings were published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. These findings suggest that optimal kidney health has many benefits for the brain. For example, an adequate supply of red blood cells may help the brain fight off infection and other illnesses. In addition, increased blood flow to the brain may improve cognitive function.
While the effects of kidney failure are complex, researchers are increasingly focusing on a single risk factor that is likely to be familiar to both organs: poor kidney function. Since the brain and kidneys share several perfusion pathways, cardiovascular and hemodynamic deviances can affect both. Poor kidney function is strongly associated with decreased cerebral blood flow, known as hypoperfusion. This effect appears to exist independently of other cardiovascular risk factors.
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It Affects Mitochondria
The process of converting energy into chemical energy is called oxidative phosphorylation. ATP is produced from oxygen-based fatty acids and pyruvate. This process requires five different electron-transporting enzyme complexes, known as mitochondrial transporters. When the function of these pumps is affected, the cell may die. In addition, lipid peroxidation is a potential cause of cell death because it alters the permeability of membranes and affects the oxidation of specific thiol groups.
A reduction in the level of MAM in diabetic kidney tissue is similar to the severity of tissue damage. In cultured tubular cells, overexpression of MAM-uncoupling protein is associated with reduced cellular apoptosis in response to high-glucose stimuli. Although the relationship between mitochondria and ER has been highlighted recently, its role in chronic kidney failure remains unclear.
